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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Operation of Maritime Transport</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Operation of Maritime Transport</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Эксплуатация морского транспорта</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1992-8181</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">53857</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34046/aumsuomtl01/13</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>РАЗДЕЛ 2. СУДОВОЖДЕНИЕ, ВОДНЫЕ ПУТИ СООБЩЕНИЯ И ГИДРОГРАФИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>NAVIGATION AND ENSURING OF SEAFARING</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>РАЗДЕЛ 2. СУДОВОЖДЕНИЕ, ВОДНЫЕ ПУТИ СООБЩЕНИЯ И ГИДРОГРАФИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">The place of COLREGs in the realities of changing shipping (To the 50th anniversary of COLREGs)</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Место МППСС-72 в реалиях изменяющегося судоходства (К 50-летию МППСС-72)</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Астреин</surname>
       <given-names>В В</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Astrein</surname>
       <given-names>V V</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>astrein-vadim@rambler.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «ГМУ им. адм. Ф.Ф. Ушакова»</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">ФГБОУ ВО «ГМУ им. адм. Ф.Ф. Ушакова»</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2021</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-25T20:22:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2021</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>90</fpage>
   <lpage>102</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2021</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-12-20T20:22:29+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2021</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://aumsu.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/53857/view">https://aumsu.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/53857/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В современном судоходстве около 20% аварий происходят по причине столкновений судов. Этот показатель сохраняется длительное время со слабой тенденцией к уменьшению. Для решения проблемы аварийности выдвигаются разные предложения, в том числе и предложение принятия новых МППСС. Однако философия и концепция предлагаемых новых правил остается без изменения, поэтому такая замена является нецелесообразной и даже вредной. Изменение МППСС-72 к требованиям современного судоходства может произойти из-за внедрения новых технологий и технических средств: систем поддержки принятия решений и автоматизации судоходства. Это потребует значительной переработки законодательных инструментов ИМО, в том числе и МППСС-72. В статье рассматриваются два подхода. Первый подход (ИМО) направлен на сохранение МППСС-72 в качестве основы для предупреждения столкновений судов. Второй подход основан не на Правилах, а на индивидуализированной оценке ситуации сближения судов. Первый подход предусматривает подстройку МППСС-72 к каждому уровню автономного судоходства, а второй направлен на создание автоматической системы предупреждения столкновений, где знания и логика представлены в виде программы на некотором языке программирования. В следующем десятилетии будет проводится тестирование, апробация и выбор лучших технологий для автономного судовождения. Будет окончательно указано место МППСС-72 в реалиях изменяющегося судоходства.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>In modem shipping, about 20% of accidents occur due to ship collisions. This indicator persists for a long time with a weak tendency to decrease. To solve the problem of accidents, various proposals have been put forward, including the proposal for the New COLREGs. However, the philosophy and concept of the proposed new mles remain unchanged, so such a replacement is impractical and even harmful. A change in the COLREGs to the requirements of modem shipping may occur due to the introduction of new technologies and technical means: decision support systems and navigation automation. This will require significant revision of the IMO legislative instruments, including the COLREGs. This article discusses two approaches. The first approach (IMO) aims to maintain the COLREGs as the basis for collision avoidance. The second approach is based not on the Rules, but on an individualized assessment of the situation of the approach of ships. The first approach provides for the adjustment of COLREGs to each level of autonomous navigation, and the second is aimed at creating an automatic collision avoidance system, where knowledge and logic are presented as a program in a certain programming language. In the next decade, testing, approbation and selection of the best technologies for autonomous navigation will be carried out. The place of COLREGs in the realities of changing shipping will be finally indicated.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>принципы и философия МППСС-72</kwd>
    <kwd>новые МППСС</kwd>
    <kwd>автономное судоходство</kwd>
    <kwd>уровни автоматизации судна</kwd>
    <kwd>система правил</kwd>
    <kwd>индивидуализированный подход</kwd>
    <kwd>тестирование и апробация технологий для автономного судовождения</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>principles and philosophy of COLREG</kwd>
    <kwd>New COLREGs</kwd>
    <kwd>autonomous navigation</kwd>
    <kwd>levels of ship automation</kwd>
    <kwd>system of mles</kwd>
    <kwd>individualized approach</kwd>
    <kwd>testing and approbation of technologies for autonomous navigation</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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