The article discusses one of the promising solutions to the problem of greenhouse gas emissions from ships. The use of ammonia as a fuel has a number of advantages over other carbon-neutral fuel analogues. The article presents comparisons of physicochemical parameters of modem fuels. Diagrams of emissions at the production and operation stages are presented. The analysis of ammonia prices up to 2050 has been carried out. Methods of obtaining green, gray and blue ammonia on an industrial scale are considered. Special attention is worthy of the fact that the technology is already beginning to be implemented by large engine companies such as MAN and Wartsila. By 2024-2025, the first ships with an ammonia-powered power plant on board should appear. The article describes the basic principles of operation of such a machine and demonstrates the differences from traditional engines. A schematic diagram of the fuel supply of the engine and a special system for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions are also considered. A comparison with hydrogen fuel has been made, taking into account all the advantages and disadvantages. Upon completion of all work, we can say that in order to fulfill the IMO plan to reduce emissions by 2050, ammonia is one of the extremely successful solutions from both the environmental and economic side.
ecology, alternative fuels, emissions of harmful substances from ships, costs, ammonia
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